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How to Generate and use Universal Samplers, by Dennis Hofheinz and Tibor Jager and Dakshita Khurana and Amit Sahai and Brent Waters and Mark Zhandry

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The random oracle is an idealization that allows to model a hash function as an oracle that will output a uniformly random string given an input. We introduce the notion of universal sampler scheme as a method sampling securely from arbitrary distributions. We first motivate such a notion by describing several applications including generating the trusted parameters for many schemes from just a single trusted setup. We further demonstrate the versatility of universal sampler by showing how they give rise to applications such as identity-based encryption and multiparty key exchange. We give a solution in the random oracle model based on indistinguishability obfuscation. At the heart of our construction and proof is a new technique we call "delayed backdoor programming".

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